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No need for any citations, this is just an article review from a classmate. Please make comments and any questions you may have.
Epidural injections provide temporary or lasting relief from pain or inflammation in the spine or extremities (arms and legs). Imaging guidance may be used to place the needle in the right location for maximum benefit. The injection may also help confirm the exact site of the pain. The injection goes into the “epidural spacing” it’s the outermost part of the spinal canal. Steroids, anesthetics and anti-inflammatory medications are typically delivered in an epidural injection.
Common uses to alleviate pain:
A herniated or bulging disk that impinges nerves causing pain
Spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal)
Post-operative “failed back” surgery syndromes (chronic back or leg pain after spinal surgery)
Other injuries to spinal nerves, vertebrae and surrounding tissues
What the procedure looks like:
The doctor will identify where the injection should be given and will clean and sterilize the skin with an antiseptic solution. A local anesthetic is then injected to help numb the area before administering the epidural injection.
Once the area is numb, the doctor will most likely use imaging guidance to help guide the epidural needle to exactly the right position. When the needle is in place, a contrast material will be injected so the doctor can accurately target the nerves for sufficient distribution of the medication. Then, your doctor will slowly inject the medication, which is typically a combination of anesthetic and antinflammatory drugs (cortisone/steroids).
Benefits Temporary or prolonged pain relief.
Temporary or prolonged reduction of inflammation in the region of the spine causing pain.
Improved ability to perform daily activities without the restrictions previously caused by pain.
Risks
Temporary increase in pain.
Headache is also extremely rare, but possible.
Reaction to the medications, such as hot flashes or rash.
Infection at the injection site.
Bleeding if a blood vessel is inadvertently damaged.
Injury to the nerves at the injection site.
Conclusion: Epidural injections are temporary solutions to long term problems. However, many individuals consistently get routine injections because the pain is unbearable. They’re also administered on an outpatient bases so often times you do not have to be admitted which is nice!
https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/epidural
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