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A pharmaceutical company has decided to test the feasibility of manufacturing a new drug using
biochemical engineering. In this approach, a valuable intermediate, intA, will be produced from raw
materials using a genetically engineered bacterial strain. After undergoing a series of chemical steps,
this intermediate will then be converted to the final product.
The following information is supplied by the
technical support group:
 IntA is relatively unstable and has to
be maintained at 5 °C prior to
entering the reactor.
 The flow rate of the inlet stream is 4.0
L/min.
 The reactor operates at 25 °C and 1
atm.
 The specific heat capacity of the
reactant and product streams is 1
cal/(g.°C) and is constant.
 The density of the reactant and
product streams is 2.0 g/cm3 and is a
constant.
 One mole of intA forms 2 moles of
intB with negligible by-product
formation:
intA → 2 intB
 The reaction of intA under the given conditions does not go to completion. When 2.0 mol/L of
intA flow into the reactor, 0.1 mol/L remains unreacted.
 The standard heat of formation of intA is -2050 kJ/mol
 The standard heat of formation of intB is -1560 kJ/mol
 Molecular weights of intA and intB are 1080 g/mol and 540 g/mol, respectively.
 The reactor is well insulated.
 The stirrer does work on the system at a rate of 10 W.
Perform a Degree of Freedom analysis. State your assumptions and show all your work.
a) Calculate the heat requirement to convert intA to another more stable intermediate, IntB, using a
2-L reactor (Figure 2).
b) Calculate the rate of heat addition or removal to maintain the reactor at the desired temperature.

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