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READ CHATER 13 AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BELOW.
1. About how thick is Earth’s atmosphere? Name one characteristic of the troposphere and one characteristic of the
stratosphere. 2. Where is the “ozone layer” located? Describe how and
why stratospheric ozone is beneficial for people, whereas
tropospheric ozone is harmful. 3. How does solar energy influence weather and climate?
Describe how Hadley, Ferrel, and polar cells help to determine climate patterns and the location of biomes.
4. Describe a thermal inversion. Explain how inversions
contribute to severe smog episodes such as the ones in
London and in Donora, Pennsylvania. 5. How does a primary pollutant differ from a secondary
pollutant? Give an example of each. 6. What has happened with the emissions of major pollutants in the United States in recent decades? What has
happened with concentrations of “criteria pollutants” in
U.S. ambient air? 7. How does photochemical smog differ from industrial
smog? Give three examples of the health risks posed by
the outdoor air pollutants in smog. 8. Explain how chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) deplete stratospheric ozone. Why is this depletion considered a longterm international problem? What was done to address
this problem? 9. Why are the effects of acid deposition often felt in areas
far from where the primary pollutants are produced? List
three impacts of acid deposition. 10. Name three common sources of indoor pollution and
their associated health risks. For each pollution source,
describe one way to reduce exposure to the source.
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